ADHD Assessments
There is currently no one test that can be used to determine whether someone has ADHD. Specialists use a variety tools to gather information and observe the symptoms of a person.
These include standardized clinical interviewing and rating scales, observational ratings and a number of psychometric/neuropsychological tests (including intelligence testing). They are a vital component of the complete evaluation process required to assess, screen the condition, diagnose and monitor treatment.
Assessment Process
Most ADHD tests involve a thorough interview between the evaluator and the person who is being assessed. The evaluation is performed by a specialist like a doctor, psychologist, or clinical social worker. The clinician will ask about the person's history and present symptoms. Many evaluators use standardized behavior ratings scales. These questionnaires are based upon research comparing the behaviors of people with ADHD and those who don't. They are not diagnostic by themselves, but add important, objective information to the evaluation. The Vanderbilt Assessment Scale, the Teacher-Parent report form of the Behavior Assessment System for Children and the Vanderbilt Assessment Scale are all examples. Adults can be assessed with a standard ADHD rating scale like the Wender Utah Rating Scale. For both children and adults the clinician may also employ a checklist for behavioral issues. This looks for other conditions that often co-occur with ADHD for example, conduct disorder or oppositional defiant disorder, depression or anxiety.
The evaluator will also look at the person's current and past medications. In addition, the clinician will review medical records and gather background information regarding the person's family members and their environment. The evaluator might ask whether the person's parents, or any other relatives have ADHD and what symptoms they had.
These tests can be very beneficial to the person who is evaluating particularly when the diagnosis is uncertain. However they aren't able to provide the effectiveness as the main instrument for determining an ADHD diagnosis due to issues with their sensitivity and specificity. They also do not adequately reflect the variety of situations that an adult faces in everyday life.
A more recent test known as SPECT brain scanning provides useful information on how the brain works for a short period of time. The results are only useful to identify certain types of brain injuries and diseases. They do not accurately represent how the brain operates in everyday life, such as working, school and relationships.
To make a more precise diagnosis, it is best to consult an expert in mental health who is experienced in the evaluation and treatment of ADHD. The best method to locate this type of person is via a referral from an therapist, doctor or other professional.
assessment adhd and symptoms
People with ADHD struggle to stay focused and retaining self-control. This can cause problems at school, work or in personal relationships. It can also make it difficult to handle daily frustrations in a healthy manner. If not treated, ADHD symptoms could result in severe consequences like loss of employment, broken friendships, and other negative outcomes.
To be diagnosed with ADHD an individual must exhibit symptoms that last throughout the adolescence and childhood. These symptoms must also interfere in their ability to function normally and have been present prior to the age of 12.
The most frequent symptoms of ADHD are inattention and impulsivity. Inattention-related symptoms include difficulty staying focused, ignoring important information, and having trouble remembering things. Someone may also have poor organizational skills, or experience difficulties following directions and keeping track of several tasks at a time.
Hyperactive/impulsive symptoms include fidgeting, being unable to sit still, having excess energy, and being talkative. This type of ADHD can also cause a person be unable to wait their turn or interrupting others.
Children are often afflicted with these types of ADHD symptoms as they enter school. They may have a difficult time in school due to the demands of academics and then become frustrated due to their inability to organize themselves or concentration. They may also struggle with interpersonal relationships due to their tendency to rage.
These symptoms can last throughout adulthood, causing problems at work, with romantic partners, or even with family members. Untreated ADHD can cause people to feel ashamed or blame themselves. They might believe that they are not capable of achieving success or that something is wrong with them. It's important to recognize that ADHD is not a sign that you aren't smarter or able.
To make a diagnosis of ADHD the primary care physician or mental health professional will perform a thorough examination. They will ask about your symptoms and the effects they have on your life. They will also interview your spouse as well as other family members and even your family members. They will use scales for assessing behavior and symptom checklists to assess your symptoms. They will also review your medical history and educational background. They may also refer you to physical examinations or psychological tests to rule out any other health issues.
Diagnosis
You or your child is struggling in school. You might be concerned about the ever-present snow day or the most recent teacher evaluation. You've heard of ADHD, but you don't really know what it means -- is your child simply lazy or does she have a problem that's simpler to treat than? A thorough diagnosis is essential. It is important to determine whether your problems are the result of too much screen time, poor parenting or a medical condition. Fortunately, your family physician can help you decide whether an ADHD evaluation is right for you.
In general the majority of cases, an ADHD assessment involves an interview and a review of symptoms, and the use of rating scales or checklists. Doctors will ask questions about the patient's health history, their development since childhood, their academic and professional experience, driving records, as well as their marital and family history. The doctor will also look for other issues, such as learning disabilities, mood and anxiety disorders.
The person being evaluated should be able to talk about the issues honestly and openly. It is crucial that the person being evaluated does not be hesitant due to shame or fear of criticism. This will allow the examiner to determine how ADHD symptoms affect everyday life and provide treatments.
To be able to receive a diagnosis of ADHD the symptoms must have been present before age 12, and must be "impairing" in at least two main settings such as home or school. It's not just about being forgetful or having difficulty keeping up with assignments. It could also be a result of being dismissed from a job for tardiness or inability to complete a task in time, or creating tension and conflict in the relationship.
A lot of doctors conduct interviews with both the patient and the loved ones like a spouse, sibling, or parent. They may also ask for feedback from those who spend a great deal of time with the patient such as an nanny or coach. This type of personal insight will reveal information that can't be gleaned from questionnaires. Psychiatrists will also typically perform a physical examination and run tests in the laboratory, such as blood and urine testing, to rule out other possible causes of the symptoms.
Treatment
A health care provider may conduct an ADHD assessment to determine if there is an underlying cause such as a mood condition or another physical condition causing similar symptoms. A thorough evaluation involves examining the person's medical and mental histories, analyzing their past and present behavior as well as their school performance. It also includes calling family members as well as teachers and other family members to get complete information about the person's behavior in various environments.
People suffering from ADHD typically benefit from a combination of treatments, according to Dr. Frank. Some are prescribed medications to help improve concentration and focus, and reduce impulsiveness. These include as stimulants like Ritalin or Adderall or non-stimulant drugs that take longer to effect but can also improve attention abilities like Intuniv or Clonidine.
Most treatment plans include behavior therapy, particularly those for children. The therapist might teach them ways to organize their lives to help them keep on top of things or to practice mindfulness meditation to improve their impulse control and better manage their time. Family or marital counseling can be beneficial for adults with ADHD because it helps them develop how to communicate and problem-solve which can help them cope with their challenges at home and at work.
Many people suffering from ADHD will also find that they can manage their symptoms if they eat well balanced meals, have enough sleep and exercise. They should also cut down on junk food and drinks. It may also be beneficial to seek help from family and friends, join a support group or take part in an ADHD coach training program which can provide them with tips and tools to manage their symptoms. Anyone diagnosed with ADHD should visit their GP regularly for checkups on their medication to help them understand how their treatment is working and to address any adverse negative effects. Doctors can refer patients with ADHD for additional evaluation or for a diagnosis to psychiatrists or a clinical psychologist.